9 Major Roles of IT

 9 Major Roles of IT

Domestic data entry operation (Class-9)

Introduction

At present, IT and communication technology has become part of your life. People have started using ICT at home, in libraries, in school, college, universities, and R&D. IT has made information sharing easy, simple, and fast which enabled your business to grow fast. So, in this article, you will be able to know about some IT applications, the role of IT in different fields, and its implication in your daily life.

IT (Information Technology)

·       IT stands for Information Technology.

·       IT refers to a technology that is widely used for creating, managing, storing, and exchanging information.

·       IT includes all types of technology used to deal with information, such as computer hardware and software technology used for creating, storing, and transferring information.

·       IT is an integrated part of businesses.

Some benefits of IT in businesses

·       IT helps in reaching more potential customers.

·       IT helps in developing a business relationship with potential customers.

·       IT supports streamlining operations, reducing costs, improving efficiency, and maximizing profit.

·       IT helps to minimize waste.

·       IT helps to provide better service to customers and supports better relationships with key partners.

ITeS

·       ITeS stands for Information Technology enabled Services.

·       ITeS is also called web-enabled services or remote services.

·       ITeS refers to the outsourcing of processes that can be enabled with information technology and covers diverse areas like finance, HR, administration, healthcare, telecommunication, and manufacturing.

·       ITeS cover the entire business operations and utilize IT technologies for improving the efficiency of an organization.

·       ITeS provide a wide range of career options that include opportunities in all offices like call centers, payrolls, logistics management, revenue claims processing, medical billing, coding, medical transcription, legal databases, back-office operations, content development, GIS (Geographical Information system), web services, and HR services.

·       ITeS offers different services integrated into a single delivery mechanism to end-users. The services are medical transcription, customer relationship management, data entry and data processing, software development, data warehousing, IT helpdesk services, ERP, and telecommunication services.

 

BPO (Business Process Outsourcing) services

·   BPO stands for Business Process Outsourcing.

·   BPO services refer to business operations through an outside service provider.

·   BPO comes under IT services as IT plays a vital role in optimizing the business performance.

·   The BPO industry is highly organized.

Some of the BPO services are:

·   Financial and Accounting services

·   Taxation and insurance services

·   E-publishing and web promotion

·   Legal services and content writing

·   Multimedia and design services

·   Document management services

·   Software testing services

·   Health care services

Benefits of IT-BPM (Business Process Management) industry in India

·       IT-BPM industry is the major contributor to revenue in India’s GDP and exports.

·       IT-BPM industry in India helps in creating employment, rising income levels, and promoting exports.

·       IT-BPM industry has placed India on the world map with an image of a technologically advanced and knowledge-based economy.

·       IT-BPM industry is helping in India’s growth.

·       IT-BPM industry uses quality checks to ensure error-free and exceptional service.

Parameters on which the IT-BPM industries are categorized

·       Sector in which the organization is serving

·       Type, as well as a range of offering the organization, provides

·       Geographic spread of operations

·       Revenues and size of operations

Types of IT-BPM industry in India

·       Multinational companies (MNCs)

·       Indian service providers (ISPs)

·       Global In-house Centers (GIC)

Multinational companies (MNCs)

·   MNCs have their headquarters outside India but operate in multiple locations worldwide including those in India.

·   MNCs cater to external clients (both domestic and/or global).

Indian service providers (ISPs)

·       ISPs started with their operations in India.

·       Most of the ISPs have their headquarters in India while having offices in many international locations, while most have a client base, which is global as well as domestic, there are some that have focused on serving only the Indian clients.

Global In-house Centers (GIC)

GIC organizations cater to the needs of their parent company only and do not serve external clients.

IT applications

The use of computer and IT can be observed at the home, the workplace, and in the modern service industry.

IT applications at home

IT is used for listening to music, watching movies, playing games, chatting and sending messages, reading books, paying utility bills, booking tickets to travel, surfing the web, e-mail, doing online courses, and online shopping.

IT applications in the workplace and in the modern service industry

·       IT is widely used in business, banking, insurance, education, marketing, health care, engineering design, military, communication, animation, research, agriculture, and government.

·       In the office environment, computers and computer applications are used to perform office work more effectively.

·       Internet and office applications form the basis of modern business.

IT application in everyday life

Software-enabled washing machines, microwave ovens, and software-enabled cars.

IT applications in banking

·       Computers are being used to record customers’ data and transactions.

·       Computers and IT are being used to generate e-RD (e-Recurring Deposit) and e-FD (e-Fixed Deposit).

·       Money transfer from one account to another (NEFT, RTGS).

·       Capital market transactions, financial analysis, and related services.

·       ATM (Automated Teller Machine) for cash deposits and withdrawal or to view current balance.

IT applications in marketing

·       Computers are being used for advertising products.

·       Using e-commerce websites, people can purchase items even sitting at home.

IT applications in health care

The hospital management system is used to maintain and manage patient records and various activities pertaining to hospital administration.

IT applications in diagnosis

IT technologies used for diagnosis are:

·       CAT (Computerised Axial Tomography) machine used to take 3D images of different parts of the body.

·       MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging Machine) is used to give the digital impression of internal organs of the body by using a strong magnetic field and radio waves.

·       ECG (Electrocardiogram) machine is used to monitor the heartbeat.

·       EEG (Electro-encephalography) machine used to record the activities of the brain.

·       Cardiac screening machine is used to display the heart's physiology and displays the movements inside the heart.

IT applications in the government and public service

·       Digital India initiative and e-governance

·       Availability of various official web portals of the government of India for e-governance

·       IT is being used by the Income-tax department, sales tax department, preparation of voters list, and preparation of PAN card.

·       Online electricity bill payment

·       Use of EVM (Electronic Voting Machine) and the use of the state election commission portal.

Role of IT in library

·       In computerized libraries, each book has a barcode associated with it. This makes it easier for the library to keep track of books and the availability of a specific book.

·       Computer software is used to issue and return the book.

·       Each book in the digital library has a magnetic strip attached to it that is deactivated before the book can be borrowed.

Role of IT in education

·       Computer and IT are extensively used in education for teaching-learning and assessment.

·       The software and hardware technology are used for the creation and transmission of information in various forms including still pictures, audio, video, and animation to the learners.

·       Using the internet, learning becomes easy and accessible.

·       A lot of teaching resources are available for teachers to teach in a better way.

·       Online assessment helps to assess the students without any biases.

Role of IT in entertainment

·       Internet is a major source of entertainment.

·       One can download and view movies, play games, chat, use multimedia, and incorporate visual and sound effects using computers.

·       Digital broadcasting on TV with more interactive programming and participation.

Role of IT in communication

The modern communication system uses computers and IT for e-mail, chatting, FTP, telnet, and video conferencing.

Role of IT in business

·       Computers and IT are widely used in business organizations for payroll calculation, budgeting, sales analysis, financial forecasting, and managing and maintaining stocks.

·       IT facilitates marketing, a customer visit, product browsing, shopping basket checkout, tax and shopping, receipt, and process order.

·       IT helps to perform e-commerce. E-commerce offers services pertaining to processing inventory management, transactions, documentation, presentations, and gathering product information.

·       Airlines use large-scale computer applications for their reservation system.

·       IT is widely and commonly used in insurance claim systems and online banking.

Role of IT in science and engineering

·       Scientists and engineers use computers and IT for performing complex scientific calculations.

·       CAD (Computer-Aided Design) and CAM (Computer-Aided Manufacturing)

·       IT and software applications are used for drawing, designing, simulating, and testing the designs.

·       Computers are widely used for storing a large amount of data and visualizing 3-dimensional objects.

·       Computers and IT are extensively used for complex scientific applications like rocket launching and space exploration.

Role of ICT in the classroom education

The ICT is used for education in the classroom to promote:

·       e-learning

·       Smart-board presentations

·       Videos of experiments

·       Creation of images and video

·       Desktop publishing of magazines, letters, and documents

·       Educational games

·       Learning using the CD-ROM media

·       Gathering educational information on the internet

Role of ICT in providing teaching aids and media

·       ICT provides pictures, animations, and audio-visuals to explain subjects that are difficult to explain.

·       ICT is used to make the lessons enjoyable using presentations.

·       ICT helps to organize lessons using the computer.

·       ICT helps to obtain the information relevant to the subjects.

Role of LMS (Learning Management System) in schools

·       LMS is being used by many countries to manage school systems.

·       LMS provides a platform on which a student or teacher can register himself/herself on the official website to access LMS and can get many services from LMS.

Benefits of LMS to students

·       LMS can be used to learn lessons anytime and anywhere.

·       Students can submit queries, get replies, and submit comments through forums.

·       Students can participate in the co-curricular activities via video.

·       LMS monitor the progress of their children (by parents).

Meaning of education- anywhere anytime in India

·       Any student in India can access the NCERT books online through the website www.epathshala.nic.in or mobile app.